在之前介紹爬蟲的測試程式，我們是自己將 HTML 另存檔案，再利用 Mockery 來回傳 HTML，因為我們這次的範例只抓了一頁，所以另存新檔我們只需操作一次，但這次我們需要抓10個不同的頁面，這樣是不是很麻煩

所幸有神人開發了 PHPVCR 這個套件，只要我們執行了任何抓網頁的程戈，PHPVCR 就會自動將 HTML 儲存下來，這樣會再撰寫爬蟲就會非常方便

所以我們就接著來安裝 PHPVCR 吧

composer require --dev php-vcr/php-vcr

安裝完畢後，我們就照說明來修改測試程式

原本的測試程式

<?php

namespace Recca0120\Ithome30\Tests;

use Mockery;
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Request;
use GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Response;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
use Recca0120\Ithome30\PttCrawler;
use Psr\Http\Client\ClientInterface;

class PttCrawlerTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_fetch_board_page()
    {
        /** @var Mockery\Mock|ClientInterface $httpClient */
        $httpClient = Mockery::spy(ClientInterface::class);
        $httpClient
            ->allows('sendRequest')
            ->andReturn(new Response(200, [], file_get_contents(__DIR__ . '/fixtures/ptt_home.html')));

        $crawler = new PttCrawler($httpClient);
        $records = $crawler->all();

        self::assertEquals([
            'name' => 'Gossiping',
            "nuser" => '12185',
            'class' => '綜合',
            'title' => '[八卦]不停重複今日公祭明日忘記',
        ], $records[0]);

        $httpClient->shouldHaveReceived('sendRequest')->once()->with(Mockery::on(function (Request $request) {
            return (((string)$request->getUri()) === 'https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/hotboards.html');
        }));
    }

    public function test_guzzle_client()
    {
        $this->markTestSkipped();
        $crawler = new PttCrawler(new Client());
        $records = $crawler->all();

        self::assertEquals([
            'name' => 'Gossiping',
            "nuser" => '12185',
            'class' => '綜合',
            'title' => '[八卦]不停重複今日公祭明日忘記',
        ], $records[0]);
    }
}

修改後的測試程式

<?php

namespace Recca0120\Ithome30\Tests;

use Mockery;
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Request;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
use Recca0120\Ithome30\PttCrawler;
use Psr\Http\Client\ClientInterface;

class PttCrawlerTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_fetch_board_page()
    {
        // 這兩行啟用 PHPVCR
        \VCR\VCR::turnOn();
        \VCR\VCR::insertCassette('ptt_home.yaml');

        /** @var Mockery\Mock|ClientInterface $httpClient */
        // 改注入真實 Client
        $httpClient = Mockery::spy(new Client());

        $crawler = new PttCrawler($httpClient);
        $records = $crawler->all();

        self::assertEquals([
            'name' => 'Gossiping',
            "nuser" => '12185',
            'class' => '綜合',
            'title' => '[八卦]不停重複今日公祭明日忘記',
        ], $records[0]);

        $httpClient->shouldHaveReceived('sendRequest')->once()->with(Mockery::on(function (Request $request) {
            return (((string)$request->getUri()) === 'https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/hotboards.html');
        }));

        // 這兩行退出 PHPVCR 以免影響其他測試
        \VCR\VCR::eject();
        \VCR\VCR::turnOff();
    }
}

因為 PHPVCR 是直接 hook PHP 的 curl, stream_wrapper，只要 PHPVCR 直接啟用後，我們就可以直接注入真實的 Client 來執行測試(順便可以把test_guzzle_client這個測試案例移除)，修改完畢後，我們執行一次測試看會發生什麼情況

fixtures 的資料夾內會產生一個 ptt_home.yaml 的檔案，而且會亮紅燈，我們先來觀察看看 ptt_home.yaml 會得到什麼樣的內容

-
    request:
        method: GET
        url: 'https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/hotboards.html'
        headers:
            Host: www.ptt.cc
            Accept-Encoding: ''
            User-Agent: GuzzleHttp/7
            Accept: ''
    response:
        status:
            code: 200
            message: OK
        headers:
            Date: 'Fri, 29 Sep 2023 15:09:05 GMT'
            Content-Type: 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
            Transfer-Encoding: chunked
            Connection: keep-alive
            strict-transport-security: max-age=0
            CF-Cache-Status: DYNAMIC
            Report-To: '{"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v3?s=%2F43oH3EemFbyAoZru0qjiU9c37mqcLqBc%2F%2FnlsBB78IyMXBGzV7A6BLn71NNVWe3R%2B6JHNtKDWl%2FBBN25oZtU0kF3pXWZL7KZjCzkQqMsd7t9goQqIitwjmICs45"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}'
            NEL: '{"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}'
            X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
            Server: cloudflare
            CF-RAY: 80e5252a0b59e07a-NRT
            alt-svc: 'h3=":443"; ma=86400'
        body: "[html code]"
        curl_info:
            url: 'https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/hotboards.html'
            content_type: 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
            http_code: 200
            header_size: 644
            request_size: 80
            filetime: -1
            ssl_verify_result: 0
            redirect_count: 0
            total_time: 0.459413
            namelookup_time: 0.038673
            connect_time: 0.130057
            pretransfer_time: 0.212264
            size_upload: 0.0
            size_download: 54174.0
            speed_download: 117920.0
            speed_upload: 0.0
            download_content_length: -1.0
            upload_content_length: 0.0
            starttransfer_time: 0.376152
            redirect_time: 0.0
            redirect_url: ''
            primary_ip: 172.64.167.22
            certinfo: {  }
            primary_port: 443
            local_ip: 192.168.15.243
            local_port: 55102
            http_version: 2
            protocol: 2
            ssl_verifyresult: 0
            scheme: HTTPS
            appconnect_time_us: 212234
            connect_time_us: 130057
            namelookup_time_us: 38673
            pretransfer_time_us: 212264
            redirect_time_us: 0
            starttransfer_time_us: 376152
            total_time_us: 459413
    index: 0

這時我們會看到 ptt_home.yaml 是完整記錄了完整的 response header 及 body，遠比我們自己手動記錄還要完整，所以很推薦使用！最後我們只需再將 expect 的修改一下，讓測試成為綠燈即可。

或許有人會有疑問 PHPVCR 這麼好用為什麼不一開始就介紹？下一篇我們先來聊聊為什麼不一開始就拿出來的原因